Monocotyledonous seeds contain only a single seed leaf encased in the pod, fruit, berry, or other seed structure. Notice in the image how the leaves are slender, the veins run parallel, and the cross section features only one cotyledon.
These plants have unique characteristics, separating them from dicotyledonous plants as they mature into adulthood, featuring stalkless, elongated leaves with parallel veins, meaning the veins will run parallel to each other down the length of the leaf. If the plant flowers, the petals will typically be – but not always – arranged in multiples of three.
Monocots contain roots which become adventitious, meaning they are long and branching, sending multiple roots down into the soil to collect nutrients and water.
Common monocotyledonous plants include grasses, lilies, crocuses, and palms. Agricultural plants of this seed type include onions, garlic, wheat, barley, and corn.
